Việc sử dụng “discourse markers” sẽ giúp phần thi speaking của bạn trở lên trôi chảy và tự nhiên giống người bản ngữ hơn. Discourse markers giúp chúng ta chêm vào những chỗ bị ngắc ngứ, tạm thời chưa nghĩ ra ý hay từ để diễn đạt.
‼️‼️NOTE: Discourse markers sử dụng trong Speaking không giống với discourse markers sử dụng trong Writing. Do tính chất bài thi Speaking của IELTS khá là informal nên việc dùng Discourse Markers khéo léo trong Speaking là cần thiết.
I. ADDING CONSTRAST: đưa ra sự tương phản
1. Conversely (adv) /ˈkɒn.vɜːs.li/: in an opposite way: ngược lại thì….
Example: Conversely, youth is depicted as a time of vitality and good health.
2. On the contrary = used to show that you think or feel the opposite of what has just been stated: trái lại thì…
Example: ”I thought you said the film was exciting?" "On the contrary, I nearly fell asleep half way through it!"
3. Nevertheless (adv) /ˌnev.ə.ðəˈles/ = nonetheless = despite what has just been said or referred to: tuy nhiên
Example: I knew a lot about the subject already, but her talk was interesting nevertheless.
4. In spite of something = even though there is something unpleasant or bad happening: bất chấp cho cái gì dó…
Example: In spite of his injury, Ricardo will play in Saturday’s game.
5. Still/ On the other hand….: mặt khác mà nói thì…
Example: It rained all day yesterday. Still/ On the other hand, we can’t complain, it was fine all last week.
II. To add information: khi thêm thông tin vào
1. And by doing so….: bằng cách làm như vậy thì…
Example: Wangari Maathai, the Nobel prizewinner from Kenya who has planted 30 million trees. And by doing so, she has changed the soil, the weather, in some places in Africa, and of course the economic conditions in many villages.
2. Furthermore (adv) /ˌfɜː.ðəˈmɔːr/: = moreover, in addition; more importantly: ngoài ra, hơn nữa….
Example: The house is beautiful. Furthermore, it's in a great location.
3. On top of that: trên tất cả thì…
Example: We missed the bus, and on top of that it started raining.
4. Another thing is: 1 điều khác là…
Example: Another thing is that I like to think about music – it’s weird to say it – as a sport.
5. Besides that….: ngoài ra,…
Example:The library on 5th Avenue in New York City is one of the best places to do research. Besides that, it has hundreds of the most respected magazines and journals in the world.
6. Also: cũng…
Example:The library on 5th Avenue in New York City is one of the best places to do research. It also has hundreds of the most respected magazines and journals in the world.
7. Other than that…. : ngoài cái gì đó ra….
Example: We know he lived in Fleet Road, but other than that we don’t know much about him.
8. Next: tiếp Theo thì…
Example: Next, we will look at the discourses markers used to change topics.
9. To continue: để tiếp tục thì,…
Example: To continue, I will skim over some examples of using discourse markers.
10. Let me add: để tôi thêm vào….
Example: Let me add to this point just a bit.
III. To grab attention: để thu hút sự chú ý….
1. Now/ Now then,….
Example: Now then, I want you to look at this picture.
Example: Now, this is the picture I want you to focus on.a
2. Fine/Great,…
Example: Fine/Great, let’s meet again next week, then, shall we?
Example: Fine/Great, let’s meet again next week, then, shall we?
3. Listen/ Look…
Example: Listen/Look, why don’t you let me sort it out?
4. To fill in the pauses (let me think)
5. So…: vì thế mà…
Example: So… we should encourage children to be active in their leisure time.
6. Well….
Example: Well… we all know that technology changes very rapidly.
7. You know, sort of… : bạn biết đấy, kiểu như là….
Example: He was, you know, sort of…just standing there.
IV. To make things clear/give more details
9. I mean (what I mean by that is…)/ By which I mean….: ý tôi là…
Example: I don’t like him. I mean he’s a good teacher but I don’t like him because he’s too strict.
10. Actually…= in fact or really: thực sự mà nói thì….
Example: I didn’t actually see her - I just heard her voice.
11. In fact…= actually: thực tế mà nói thì……
Example: He was in fact near death by the time they reached him.
Like và Follow fanpage BEC English Centre để update thêm các từ vựng và Sample mẫu HOT nhất trong IELTS!
Tham gia ngay cộng đồng IELTS SPEAKING tại BEC : https://bitly.vn/1vby để cập nhật các bài học cũng như đề thi IELTS mới nhất từ cộng đồng các bạn học viên của BEC.
Chúc các bạn ôn tập thật tốt!